Sakamakon faɗaɗa buƙatun wutar lantarki na AI cikin sauri, buƙatar na'urorin sanyaya na'urorin zafi na micro-thermoelectric (Micro-TECs) ya ƙaru sosai a shekarar 2026. Yayin da cibiyoyin bayanai da ke amfani da AI ke ƙara dogaro da haɗin kai mai girman bandwidth, dubban na'urori masu gani a kowace cibiyar yanzu suna aika manyan bayanai a saurin haske. Wannan ci gaban ya samo asali ne daga ƙalubalen sarrafa zafi da ke ƙaruwa da haɓaka yawan lissafi - musamman a cikin kayayyakin more rayuwa na AI - inda daidaitaccen sarrafa zafin jiki ya zama dole don amincin tsarin, amincin sigina, da tsawon rai na na'ura. Waɗannan ƙalubalen suna bayyana a cikin manyan fannoni guda huɗu na aikace-aikace:
1. Watsawar kashin baya mai tsayi: Na'urorin gani masu yawa na rarraba tsawon rai (DWDM)—masu iya nisan watsawa fiye da kilomita 80—suna buƙatar Micro-TECs (ƙananan na'urorin thermoelectric, ƙananan na'urorin peltier) don kiyaye daidaiton zafin laser diode a cikin juriya mai tsauri, ta haka suna hana kwararar raƙuman ruwa da kuma tabbatar da warewar tashoshin spectral a cikin cibiyoyin sadarwa na tsakiya.
2. Cibiyoyin bayanai masu aiki sosai: A cikin ƙungiyoyin horo na AI da wuraren lissafin girgije, da'irori masu haɗakar photonic masu haɗaka (PICs) suna samar da kwararar zafi mai yawa na gida. Micro-TECs, Micro thermoelectric cooling module, Micro peltier elements suna ba da thermoregulation mai ƙarfi, na ainihin lokaci don ci gaba da ingantaccen yanayin zafi na aiki don lissafi da haɗa ƙananan tsarin.
3. Kayayyakin sadarwa na 5G/6G: Tashoshin tushe na waje suna aiki a ƙarƙashin yanayin zafi mai tsanani (misali, −40 °C zuwa +85 °C). Micro-TECs, na'urorin Micro peltier, ƙananan masu sanyaya suna ba da damar daidaita yanayin zafi na hanya biyu - sanyaya a lokacin zafi mai zafi da dumama a lokacin yanayin ƙasa da sifili - suna tabbatar da aikin na'urar gani mara katsewa a duk yanayin aiki.
4. Tsarin sadarwa mai haɗakar gani: A cikin hanyoyin sadarwa na fiber-optic na birni, faɗin yanki, da kuma ƙarƙashin ruwa, masu karɓar sigina masu haɗakar jijiyoyi suna sanya ƙa'idodi masu tsauri na daidaiton lokaci da na polarization akan siginar gani. Micro-TECs, Micro-peltier modules, micro thermoelectric coolers suna ba da kwanciyar hankali na zafin jiki na matakin millikelvin - yana da mahimmanci don kiyaye amincin ganowa mai daidaituwa da rage ƙimar kuskuren bit (BER).
5. Sadarwar masana'antu da ta shafi manufa: A cikin mawuyacin yanayi—gami da sarrafa kansa na masana'antu, tsarin sa ido, da aikace-aikacen sararin samaniya—Abubuwan Micro-TECs, ƙananan peltier suna tabbatar da ingantaccen aikin na'urar gani a cikin kewayon zafin jiki mai tsawo (−40 °C zuwa +105 °C), suna tallafawa amincin aiki na dogon lokaci.
I. Daidaitawar zafin jiki a matsayin babban abin da ke haifar da girma
Na'urorin gani masu sauri—musamman waɗanda ke aiki a 800G, 1.6T, da kuma ƙimar bayanai ta 3.2T masu tasowa—suna da matuƙar saurin kamuwa da matsalolin zafi. Na'urorin Laser suna nuna dogaro da yanayin zafi, suna haifar da raguwar aiki:
• Ragewar tsawon igiyar ruwa: Na'urorin laser masu rarrabawa (DFB), misali, suna nuna matsakaicin ma'aunin zafin jiki na ~0.1 nm/°C. A cikin kewayon aiki na kasuwanci (0–70 °C), wannan yana fassara zuwa har zuwa 7 nm na canjin yanayi - wanda ya wuce tazarar tashoshi a cikin tsarin DWDM da yawa kuma yana haifar da magana tsakanin tashoshi da haɓaka BER.
• Rashin daidaiton wutar lantarki: Sauye-sauyen zafin jiki kai tsaye yana daidaita kwararar wutar lantarki ta laser da ingancin gangara, wanda ke haifar da bambancin wutar lantarki da raguwar rabon sigina zuwa hayaniya (SNR).
• Tsaftacewar na'urar cikin sauri: Tsawon lokaci ana aiki a wajen yanayin zafi mafi kyau yana hanzarta hanyoyin lalatawa—gami da iskar shaka ta facet oxidation da kuma yaduwar lahani a cikin rijiyar quantum—wanda ke rage matsakaicin lokacin da za a iya lalacewa (MTTF).
Ganin waɗannan ƙuntatawa, na'urorin gani na zamani waɗanda aka inganta ta hanyar AI sun ba da umarnin daidaiton daidaita zafin jiki na ±0.05 °C ko mafi kyau - buƙatun da Micro-TECs, na'urorin peltier na ƙananan, na'urorin TEC na ƙananan, na'urorin thermoelectric na ƙananan za su iya cikawa a cikin ƙananan abubuwan da suka shafi siffar (<3 mm² sawun ƙafa) da lokutan amsawa na ƙasa da 100 ms. Saboda haka, kusan duk na'urori na matsakaici da manyan 800G+ sun haɗa da tsarin sarrafa zafi mai rufewa wanda ya haɗa da na'urorin Micro-TECs, na'urorin Micro-TEC, na'urorin micro peltier, na'urorin micro TE masu daidaito, da na'urorin ICs masu sarrafa zafin jiki na musamman - suna "kulle" zafin haɗin laser zuwa cikin ±0.02 °C na wurin saitawa.
Tsarin ƙimar aiki na Micro-TECs, ƙananan na'urorin sanyaya thermoelectric, ƙananan abubuwan thermoelectric a cikin na'urorin gani ya ƙunshi girma uku masu dogaro da juna:
• Kwanciyar hankali: Dakatar da aiki na kwararar raƙuman ruwa yana tabbatar da daidaiton hanyoyin sadarwa, yana kawar da takun magana, kuma yana kiyaye ƙarancin BER a ƙarƙashin nauyin zafi mai ƙarfi;
• Inganta amincin sigina: Sanyaya/dumama mai daidaitawa yana rama wa yanayi na wucin gadi da na yanayi da nauyin kaya ke haifarwa, yana daidaita ƙarfin gani da inganta zurfin daidaitawa da rabon ɓacewa;
• Tsawaita tsawon rai: Ingantaccen cire zafi yana rage tarin damuwa ta zafi, yana jinkirta lalacewar abu da kuma rage yawan gazawar filin da har zuwa kashi 40% (kowane bayanan gwajin rayuwa mai sauri).
II. Ƙimar ƙima ta amfani da na'urorin Micro-TEC, ƙananan peltier a kowace sabar AI
Sabis ɗin horo na AI na zamani yawanci suna haɗa na'urori masu saurin gaske guda 16-32—kowannensu yana buƙatar Micro-TEC guda 2-3, ƙananan na'urori masu ƙarfin thermoelectric (ƙananan na'urori masu sanyaya thermoelectric) dangane da ƙimar bayanai, tsarin marufi (misali, na'urori masu haɗa kai, CPO), da kuma iyakokin ƙirar zafi. Saboda haka, uwar garken AI mai ƙarfi guda ɗaya na iya haɗawa da 40-90 Micro-TECs (ƙananan na'urori masu ƙarfin micro-peltier)—wanda ke wakiltar ƙaruwar 5-10× fiye da sabar kasuwanci na yau da kullun. Tare da jigilar na'urorin hangen nesa na 800G/1.6T na duniya da aka yi hasashen zai wuce raka'a miliyan 15 kowace shekara nan da 2026, ana sa ran jimlar buƙatun Micro-TEC don rukunin AI na petabyte-scale zai kai ga dubban miliyoyin na'urori a kowace shekara.
III. Fitowar tsarin sanyaya ruwa mai hade da sinadarai + Tsarin Micro-TEC (ƙananan na'urorin sanyaya thermoelectric)
Yayin da na'urorin haɓaka AI na ƙarni na gaba—ciki har da dandamalin GB300 na NVIDIA—ke tura ambulan wutar GPU fiye da 1,000 W a kowace mutu, hanyoyin sanyaya iska sun kai ga iyakokin thermodynamic na asali a cikin jigilar rak mai yawan yawa. Saboda haka, sanyaya ruwa ya zama ma'aunin gaske don sarrafa zafi na rak da matakin chassis. A cikin wannan yanayin, wata dabarar sanyaya ta tsari ta bayyana: sanyaya ruwa yana sarrafa cire zafi mai yawa a matakin tsarin, yayin da Micro-TECs (masu sanyaya micro peltier) ke yin ƙa'idar zafi mai kyau, matakin guntu—yana ba da damar daidaiton zafi mara misaltuwa a tsakanin na'urorin photonic da na lantarki. Wannan tsarin haɗin gwiwa yana sanya Micro-TECs, ƙananan na'urori masu amfani da thermoelectric a matsayin mai kunna zafi mai mahimmanci—ba kawai wani ɓangare na taimako ba—a cikin tarin na'urorin AI.
IV. Saurin maye gurbin gida a tsakanin ƙa'idodin samar da kayayyaki na duniya
A tarihi, masana'antun Japan sun samar da sama da kashi 80% na na'urorin Micro-TEC masu inganci (Micro TEC modules) masu inganci. Duk da haka, ƙaruwar buƙatar da ke da alaƙa da AI ya tsawaita lokacin jagora ga masu samar da kayayyaki masu aiki - wasu sun wuce makonni 26 - kuma an takaita rarraba ƙarfin aiki ga abokan ciniki masu dabarun. Masana'antun na'urorin TEC na cikin gida na China suna cin gajiyar wannan matakin sauyawa: haɓaka zagayowar cancantar AEC-Q200 da Telcordia GR-468 tare da masu siyar da na'urorin gani na Tier-1, haɓaka ƙarfin samarwa na wata-wata zuwa matakan na'urori miliyan da yawa, da cimma daidaiton aiki (±0.03 °C kwanciyar hankali, >1.2 W/mm² yawan sanyaya) tare da manyan takwarorinsu na duniya.
A taƙaice, haɗuwar ci gaban ƙididdigar yawan AI, ƙaruwar bandwidth, da kuma haɗakar photonics ya haɓaka Micro-TECs (ƙananan na'urori masu auna zafi) daga abubuwan da ke kewaye zuwa abubuwan da ke samar da ababen more rayuwa na asali. Yanzu suna aiki a matsayin "buƙata mara ganuwa" - wani abu mai shiru amma mai mahimmanci wanda ke ƙayyade lokacin aiki na cibiyar bayanai ta AI, yawan amfani da kwamfuta, da kuma jimillar kuɗin mallaka na dogon lokaci.
Kamfanin Beiing Huimao Cooling Equipment Co., Ltd., tare da sama da shekaru talatin na ƙwarewa a cikin ƙira da ƙera na'urorin sanyaya ...
Bayanin TES1-00401T200
Zafin gefen zafi: 50 C,
Imax: 0.8A,
Vmax: 0.48V
Qmax:0.3W
Delta T max：76 C
ACR: 0.5 Ohm
Girman: 2.3×1.1×0.95mm
Lokacin Saƙo: Agusta-11-2026
